Updating the simulation model using dynamic clusters extracted from 4D seismic data

Abstract

The thesis shows the development and testing of a new method for updating simulation model using dynamic clusters extracted from time-lapse seismic data. The clusters represent reservoir volumes that share a similar 4D seismic response over time. Similarities over time between cumulative production and injection histories and the seismic signatures indicate hydrodynamic connections between wells and corresponding clusters. Once that connection is established, the spatial relationships of clusters determined for individual time segments define fluid pathways and help us to understand the track of the well connections and reservoir connectivity in general. The method allow direct usage of 4D date into simulation model and especially effective for locating baffles and barriers in the reservoir. Additional method advantage is 3D simulation grid based results, so it can be easily used for history matching process. The technique is applied to the two compartmentalized North Sea fields with encouraging results: one is structurally controlled, second is turbidite reservoir with complex geological settings. Overall, method demonstrates solid consistency with geology, can be used for quantitative transmissibility and connectivity update in simulation and even in geological models with sufficient history matching time reduction.